Model run by stephane.hess using Apollo 0.2.7 on R 4.0.5 for Darwin. www.ApolloChoiceModelling.com Model name : BW_EL Model description : Exploded logit model on drug choice data for best-worst Model run at : 2022-01-07 20:14:16 Estimation method : bfgs Model diagnosis : successful convergence Number of individuals : 1000 Number of rows in database : 10000 Number of modelled outcomes : 10000 Number of cores used : 1 Model without mixing LL(start) : -24849.07 LL(0) : -24849.07 LL(C) : Not applicable LL(final) : -20791.24 Rho-square (0) : 0.1633 Adj.Rho-square (0) : 0.1627 AIC : 41610.47 BIC : 41711.42 Estimated parameters : 14 Time taken (hh:mm:ss) : 00:00:21.45 pre-estimation : 00:00:1.02 estimation : 00:00:10.27 post-estimation : 00:00:10.15 Iterations : 28 Min abs eigenvalue of Hessian : 119.375 Unconstrained optimisation. Estimates: Estimate s.e. t.rat.(0) Rob.s.e. Rob.t.rat.(0) b_brand_Artemis 0.000000 NA NA NA NA b_brand_Novum -0.298149 0.02725 -10.941 0.02734 -10.904 b_brand_BestValue -0.560419 0.05039 -11.121 0.05235 -10.706 b_brand_Supermarket -0.278070 0.05172 -5.376 0.05650 -4.921 b_brand_PainAway -1.166139 0.05164 -22.582 0.05430 -21.476 b_country_CH 0.605654 0.03511 17.250 0.03442 17.594 b_country_DK 0.294105 0.03359 8.757 0.03295 8.926 b_country_USA 0.000000 NA NA NA NA b_country_IND -0.242254 0.04377 -5.534 0.04480 -5.408 b_country_RUS -0.832391 0.04578 -18.181 0.04561 -18.250 b_country_BRA -0.582745 0.04504 -12.938 0.04625 -12.601 b_char_standard 0.000000 NA NA NA NA b_char_fast 0.719828 0.02438 29.525 0.02401 29.975 b_char_double 1.143827 0.03343 34.216 0.03211 35.626 b_risk -0.001523 4.516e-05 -33.716 4.511e-05 -33.758 b_price -0.716470 0.01580 -45.357 0.01478 -48.487 scale_best 1.000000 NA NA NA NA scale_worst 0.678917 0.01948 34.847 0.01931 35.151 Overview of choices for EL model component, stage 1: alt1 alt2 alt3 alt4 Times available 10000.00 10000.00 10000.00 10000.00 Times chosen 3403.00 3546.00 1517.00 1534.00 Percentage chosen overall 34.03 35.46 15.17 15.34 Percentage chosen when available 34.03 35.46 15.17 15.34 Overview of choices for EL model component, stage 2: alt1 alt2 alt3 alt4 Times available 6597.00 6454.00 8483.00 8466.00 Times chosen 1531.00 1545.00 3482.00 3442.00 Percentage chosen overall 15.31 15.45 34.82 34.42 Percentage chosen when available 23.21 23.94 41.05 40.66 Classical covariance matrix: b_brand_Novum b_brand_BestValue b_brand_Supermarket b_brand_PainAway b_country_CH b_brand_Novum 7.4256e-04 3.8395e-04 4.4142e-04 4.0542e-04 -5.412e-05 b_brand_BestValue 3.8395e-04 0.002540 0.001898 0.001786 5.5555e-04 b_brand_Supermarket 4.4142e-04 0.001898 0.002675 0.001788 5.8125e-04 b_brand_PainAway 4.0542e-04 0.001786 0.001788 0.002667 4.5696e-04 b_country_CH -5.412e-05 5.5555e-04 5.8125e-04 4.5696e-04 0.001233 b_country_DK -4.717e-05 5.2392e-04 5.6065e-04 4.7902e-04 5.7742e-04 b_country_IND -3.217e-05 -9.2710e-04 -9.6013e-04 -8.4265e-04 -4.920e-05 b_country_RUS -2.086e-05 -9.2231e-04 -9.8346e-04 -7.5236e-04 -1.0691e-04 b_country_BRA 3.173e-07 -8.6316e-04 -0.001003 -7.9496e-04 -1.1311e-04 b_char_fast 1.727e-06 2.317e-05 9.186e-05 -1.1337e-04 9.978e-05 b_char_double 6.023e-05 3.2123e-04 3.9791e-04 1.8258e-04 1.1565e-04 b_risk 1.175e-08 -3.707e-07 -5.118e-07 6.292e-08 -1.805e-07 b_price 3.154e-05 2.3466e-04 1.9826e-04 3.1269e-04 -8.548e-05 scale_worst -4.176e-06 -4.825e-05 -1.2591e-04 1.6734e-04 -8.753e-05 b_country_DK b_country_IND b_country_RUS b_country_BRA b_char_fast b_brand_Novum -4.717e-05 -3.217e-05 -2.086e-05 3.173e-07 1.727e-06 b_brand_BestValue 5.2392e-04 -9.2710e-04 -9.2231e-04 -8.6316e-04 2.317e-05 b_brand_Supermarket 5.6065e-04 -9.6013e-04 -9.8346e-04 -0.001003 9.186e-05 b_brand_PainAway 4.7902e-04 -8.4265e-04 -7.5236e-04 -7.9496e-04 -1.1337e-04 b_country_CH 5.7742e-04 -4.920e-05 -1.0691e-04 -1.1311e-04 9.978e-05 b_country_DK 0.001128 2.500e-05 -3.342e-05 -5.558e-05 5.926e-05 b_country_IND 2.500e-05 0.001916 9.8950e-04 0.001004 -8.881e-05 b_country_RUS -3.342e-05 9.8950e-04 0.002096 0.001035 -1.5909e-04 b_country_BRA -5.558e-05 0.001004 0.001035 0.002029 -1.1740e-04 b_char_fast 5.926e-05 -8.881e-05 -1.5909e-04 -1.1740e-04 5.9441e-04 b_char_double 3.756e-05 -7.374e-05 -1.4506e-04 -1.2259e-04 3.5830e-04 b_risk -1.043e-07 1.314e-07 3.725e-07 1.905e-07 -2.299e-07 b_price -2.829e-05 5.092e-05 1.0546e-04 1.0001e-04 -8.804e-05 scale_worst -5.194e-05 9.340e-05 2.2544e-04 1.4507e-04 -1.2940e-04 b_char_double b_risk b_price scale_worst b_brand_Novum 6.023e-05 1.175e-08 3.154e-05 -4.176e-06 b_brand_BestValue 3.2123e-04 -3.707e-07 2.3466e-04 -4.825e-05 b_brand_Supermarket 3.9791e-04 -5.118e-07 1.9826e-04 -1.2591e-04 b_brand_PainAway 1.8258e-04 6.292e-08 3.1269e-04 1.6734e-04 b_country_CH 1.1565e-04 -1.805e-07 -8.548e-05 -8.753e-05 b_country_DK 3.756e-05 -1.043e-07 -2.829e-05 -5.194e-05 b_country_IND -7.374e-05 1.314e-07 5.092e-05 9.340e-05 b_country_RUS -1.4506e-04 3.725e-07 1.0546e-04 2.2544e-04 b_country_BRA -1.2259e-04 1.905e-07 1.0001e-04 1.4507e-04 b_char_fast 3.5830e-04 -2.299e-07 -8.804e-05 -1.2940e-04 b_char_double 0.001118 -2.552e-07 -1.0833e-04 -1.3842e-04 b_risk -2.552e-07 2.040e-09 2.173e-07 4.839e-07 b_price -1.0833e-04 2.173e-07 2.4952e-04 9.610e-05 scale_worst -1.3842e-04 4.839e-07 9.610e-05 3.7958e-04 Robust covariance matrix: b_brand_Novum b_brand_BestValue b_brand_Supermarket b_brand_PainAway b_country_CH b_brand_Novum 7.4760e-04 3.2319e-04 4.1145e-04 3.6231e-04 -1.0771e-04 b_brand_BestValue 3.2319e-04 0.002740 0.002202 0.002031 4.3285e-04 b_brand_Supermarket 4.1145e-04 0.002202 0.003193 0.002118 4.8596e-04 b_brand_PainAway 3.6231e-04 0.002031 0.002118 0.002949 3.7754e-04 b_country_CH -1.0771e-04 4.3285e-04 4.8596e-04 3.7754e-04 0.001185 b_country_DK -6.845e-05 3.7544e-04 4.4603e-04 3.9490e-04 5.2894e-04 b_country_IND -7.839e-06 -9.6784e-04 -0.001020 -8.0072e-04 -4.915e-05 b_country_RUS 9.677e-06 -9.6937e-04 -0.001060 -7.7451e-04 -1.4826e-04 b_country_BRA 6.120e-05 -9.4699e-04 -0.001115 -8.0833e-04 -1.2453e-04 b_char_fast -4.448e-05 7.869e-06 1.0910e-04 -1.0477e-04 1.0107e-04 b_char_double -2.843e-06 2.2688e-04 3.5273e-04 1.1202e-04 9.092e-05 b_risk 2.231e-08 -3.754e-07 -5.718e-07 -1.070e-08 -1.050e-07 b_price 4.214e-05 1.9834e-04 1.5058e-04 2.6345e-04 -7.026e-05 scale_worst 2.622e-05 -7.228e-05 -1.7336e-04 1.4409e-04 -9.994e-05 b_country_DK b_country_IND b_country_RUS b_country_BRA b_char_fast b_brand_Novum -6.845e-05 -7.839e-06 9.677e-06 6.120e-05 -4.448e-05 b_brand_BestValue 3.7544e-04 -9.6784e-04 -9.6937e-04 -9.4699e-04 7.869e-06 b_brand_Supermarket 4.4603e-04 -0.001020 -0.001060 -0.001115 1.0910e-04 b_brand_PainAway 3.9490e-04 -8.0072e-04 -7.7451e-04 -8.0833e-04 -1.0477e-04 b_country_CH 5.2894e-04 -4.915e-05 -1.4826e-04 -1.2453e-04 1.0107e-04 b_country_DK 0.001086 2.242e-05 -3.602e-05 -7.568e-05 4.488e-05 b_country_IND 2.242e-05 0.002007 9.7366e-04 0.001072 -1.1965e-04 b_country_RUS -3.602e-05 9.7366e-04 0.002080 0.001153 -2.2684e-04 b_country_BRA -7.568e-05 0.001072 0.001153 0.002139 -1.7460e-04 b_char_fast 4.488e-05 -1.1965e-04 -2.2684e-04 -1.7460e-04 5.7670e-04 b_char_double 1.077e-05 -1.4774e-04 -1.9988e-04 -2.1245e-04 3.4307e-04 b_risk -2.568e-08 2.032e-07 4.468e-07 2.680e-07 -2.050e-07 b_price -2.252e-05 7.822e-05 1.2143e-04 1.1713e-04 -8.801e-05 scale_worst -7.021e-05 1.0950e-04 2.3432e-04 1.8052e-04 -1.4638e-04 b_char_double b_risk b_price scale_worst b_brand_Novum -2.843e-06 2.231e-08 4.214e-05 2.622e-05 b_brand_BestValue 2.2688e-04 -3.754e-07 1.9834e-04 -7.228e-05 b_brand_Supermarket 3.5273e-04 -5.718e-07 1.5058e-04 -1.7336e-04 b_brand_PainAway 1.1202e-04 -1.070e-08 2.6345e-04 1.4409e-04 b_country_CH 9.092e-05 -1.050e-07 -7.026e-05 -9.994e-05 b_country_DK 1.077e-05 -2.568e-08 -2.252e-05 -7.021e-05 b_country_IND -1.4774e-04 2.032e-07 7.822e-05 1.0950e-04 b_country_RUS -1.9988e-04 4.468e-07 1.2143e-04 2.3432e-04 b_country_BRA -2.1245e-04 2.680e-07 1.1713e-04 1.8052e-04 b_char_fast 3.4307e-04 -2.050e-07 -8.801e-05 -1.4638e-04 b_char_double 0.001031 -1.799e-07 -1.0161e-04 -1.2554e-04 b_risk -1.799e-07 2.035e-09 1.839e-07 4.984e-07 b_price -1.0161e-04 1.839e-07 2.1835e-04 9.254e-05 scale_worst -1.2554e-04 4.984e-07 9.254e-05 3.7305e-04 Classical correlation matrix: b_brand_Novum b_brand_BestValue b_brand_Supermarket b_brand_PainAway b_country_CH b_brand_Novum 1.000000 0.27960 0.31318 0.28810 -0.05656 b_brand_BestValue 0.279595 1.00000 0.72813 0.68613 0.31398 b_brand_Supermarket 0.313183 0.72813 1.00000 0.66957 0.32006 b_brand_PainAway 0.288103 0.68613 0.66957 1.00000 0.25202 b_country_CH -0.056563 0.31398 0.32006 0.25202 1.00000 b_country_DK -0.051536 0.30956 0.32274 0.27620 0.48966 b_country_IND -0.026973 -0.42029 -0.42407 -0.37278 -0.03201 b_country_RUS -0.016722 -0.39976 -0.41530 -0.31822 -0.06651 b_country_BRA 2.5850e-04 -0.38027 -0.43053 -0.34177 -0.07152 b_char_fast 0.002599 0.01886 0.07284 -0.09005 0.11657 b_char_double 0.066120 0.19068 0.23013 0.10576 0.09853 b_risk 0.009546 -0.16289 -0.21908 0.02698 -0.11385 b_price 0.073265 0.29478 0.24266 0.38333 -0.15413 scale_worst -0.007865 -0.04914 -0.12494 0.16633 -0.12796 b_country_DK b_country_IND b_country_RUS b_country_BRA b_char_fast b_brand_Novum -0.05154 -0.02697 -0.01672 2.5850e-04 0.002599 b_brand_BestValue 0.30956 -0.42029 -0.39976 -0.38027 0.018862 b_brand_Supermarket 0.32274 -0.42407 -0.41530 -0.43053 0.072844 b_brand_PainAway 0.27620 -0.37278 -0.31822 -0.34177 -0.090048 b_country_CH 0.48966 -0.03201 -0.06651 -0.07152 0.116566 b_country_DK 1.00000 0.01701 -0.02173 -0.03674 0.072366 b_country_IND 0.01701 1.00000 0.49376 0.50929 -0.083219 b_country_RUS -0.02173 0.49376 1.00000 0.50195 -0.142529 b_country_BRA -0.03674 0.50929 0.50195 1.00000 -0.106908 b_char_fast 0.07237 -0.08322 -0.14253 -0.10691 1.000000 b_char_double 0.03345 -0.05039 -0.09478 -0.08142 0.439608 b_risk -0.06877 0.06647 0.18015 0.09365 -0.208774 b_price -0.05333 0.07365 0.14583 0.14056 -0.228595 scale_worst -0.07938 0.10952 0.25275 0.16531 -0.272429 b_char_double b_risk b_price scale_worst b_brand_Novum 0.06612 0.009546 0.07327 -0.007865 b_brand_BestValue 0.19068 -0.162886 0.29478 -0.049142 b_brand_Supermarket 0.23013 -0.219082 0.24266 -0.124944 b_brand_PainAway 0.10576 0.026976 0.38333 0.166327 b_country_CH 0.09853 -0.113847 -0.15413 -0.127958 b_country_DK 0.03345 -0.068773 -0.05333 -0.079381 b_country_IND -0.05039 0.066474 0.07365 0.109523 b_country_RUS -0.09478 0.180153 0.14583 0.252746 b_country_BRA -0.08142 0.093652 0.14056 0.165313 b_char_fast 0.43961 -0.208774 -0.22859 -0.272429 b_char_double 1.00000 -0.168998 -0.20514 -0.212526 b_risk -0.16900 1.000000 0.30458 0.549986 b_price -0.20514 0.304579 1.00000 0.312245 scale_worst -0.21253 0.549986 0.31225 1.000000 Robust correlation matrix: b_brand_Novum b_brand_BestValue b_brand_Supermarket b_brand_PainAway b_country_CH b_brand_Novum 1.000000 0.225813 0.26632 0.244030 -0.11443 b_brand_BestValue 0.225813 1.000000 0.74462 0.714603 0.24021 b_brand_Supermarket 0.266324 0.744622 1.00000 0.690303 0.24984 b_brand_PainAway 0.244030 0.714603 0.69030 1.000000 0.20198 b_country_CH -0.114432 0.240211 0.24984 0.201976 1.00000 b_country_DK -0.075971 0.217667 0.23957 0.220707 0.46631 b_country_IND -0.006399 -0.412718 -0.40302 -0.329160 -0.03187 b_country_RUS 0.007759 -0.406024 -0.41138 -0.312724 -0.09443 b_country_BRA 0.048400 -0.391199 -0.42671 -0.321898 -0.07823 b_char_fast -0.067748 0.006260 0.08040 -0.080344 0.12226 b_char_double -0.003238 0.135000 0.19444 0.064253 0.08227 b_risk 0.018087 -0.158980 -0.22436 -0.004368 -0.06761 b_price 0.104303 0.256419 0.18036 0.328344 -0.13813 scale_worst 0.049647 -0.071489 -0.15886 0.137390 -0.15031 b_country_DK b_country_IND b_country_RUS b_country_BRA b_char_fast b_brand_Novum -0.07597 -0.006399 0.007759 0.04840 -0.067748 b_brand_BestValue 0.21767 -0.412718 -0.406024 -0.39120 0.006260 b_brand_Supermarket 0.23957 -0.403025 -0.411382 -0.42671 0.080402 b_brand_PainAway 0.22071 -0.329160 -0.312724 -0.32190 -0.080344 b_country_CH 0.46631 -0.031868 -0.094429 -0.07823 0.122258 b_country_DK 1.00000 0.015190 -0.023964 -0.04967 0.056712 b_country_IND 0.01519 1.000000 0.476513 0.51730 -0.111217 b_country_RUS -0.02396 0.476513 1.000000 0.54683 -0.207103 b_country_BRA -0.04967 0.517300 0.546828 1.00000 -0.157221 b_char_fast 0.05671 -0.111217 -0.207103 -0.15722 1.000000 b_char_double 0.01018 -0.102718 -0.136499 -0.14309 0.444960 b_risk -0.01728 0.100570 0.217148 0.12846 -0.189204 b_price -0.04625 0.118158 0.180179 0.17141 -0.248010 scale_worst -0.11032 0.126548 0.265990 0.20210 -0.315596 b_char_double b_risk b_price scale_worst b_brand_Novum -0.003238 0.018087 0.10430 0.04965 b_brand_BestValue 0.135000 -0.158980 0.25642 -0.07149 b_brand_Supermarket 0.194439 -0.224356 0.18036 -0.15886 b_brand_PainAway 0.064253 -0.004368 0.32834 0.13739 b_country_CH 0.082266 -0.067606 -0.13813 -0.15031 b_country_DK 0.010181 -0.017280 -0.04625 -0.11032 b_country_IND -0.102718 0.100570 0.11816 0.12655 b_country_RUS -0.136499 0.217148 0.18018 0.26599 b_country_BRA -0.143088 0.128459 0.17141 0.20210 b_char_fast 0.444960 -0.189204 -0.24801 -0.31560 b_char_double 1.000000 -0.124218 -0.21417 -0.20244 b_risk -0.124218 1.000000 0.27585 0.57208 b_price -0.214173 0.275849 1.00000 0.32425 scale_worst -0.202445 0.572083 0.32425 1.00000 20 worst outliers in terms of lowest average per choice prediction: ID Avg prob per choice 593 0.04488395 875 0.04646724 367 0.04759334 859 0.05482459 947 0.05738798 476 0.05911192 70 0.06101002 499 0.06154781 933 0.06219213 8 0.06279192 288 0.06285867 240 0.06337052 678 0.06355753 824 0.06381848 287 0.06390563 584 0.06414756 163 0.06423045 326 0.06424316 524 0.06438067 1000 0.06439122 Changes in parameter estimates from starting values: Initial Estimate Difference b_brand_Artemis 0.000 0.000000 0.000000 b_brand_Novum 0.000 -0.298149 -0.298149 b_brand_BestValue 0.000 -0.560419 -0.560419 b_brand_Supermarket 0.000 -0.278070 -0.278070 b_brand_PainAway 0.000 -1.166139 -1.166139 b_country_CH 0.000 0.605654 0.605654 b_country_DK 0.000 0.294105 0.294105 b_country_USA 0.000 0.000000 0.000000 b_country_IND 0.000 -0.242254 -0.242254 b_country_RUS 0.000 -0.832391 -0.832391 b_country_BRA 0.000 -0.582745 -0.582745 b_char_standard 0.000 0.000000 0.000000 b_char_fast 0.000 0.719828 0.719828 b_char_double 0.000 1.143827 1.143827 b_risk 0.000 -0.001523 -0.001523 b_price 0.000 -0.716470 -0.716470 scale_best 1.000 1.000000 0.000000 scale_worst 1.000 0.678917 -0.321083 Settings and functions used in model definition: apollo_control -------------- Value modelName "BW_EL" modelDescr "Exploded logit model on drug choice data for best-worst" indivID "ID" outputDirectory "output/" debug "FALSE" nCores "1" workInLogs "FALSE" seed "13" mixing "FALSE" HB "FALSE" noValidation "FALSE" noDiagnostics "FALSE" calculateLLC "TRUE" panelData "TRUE" analyticGrad "TRUE" analyticGrad_manualSet "FALSE" Hessian routines attempted -------------- numerical second derivative of LL (using numDeriv) Scaling in estimation -------------- Value b_brand_Novum 0.298148938 b_brand_BestValue 0.560417064 b_brand_Supermarket 0.278069350 b_brand_PainAway 1.166129472 b_country_CH 0.605650110 b_country_DK 0.294104801 b_country_IND 0.242253456 b_country_RUS 0.832384442 b_country_BRA 0.582744658 b_char_fast 0.719823886 b_char_double 1.143806744 b_risk 0.001522766 b_price 0.716478792 scale_worst 0.678903350 Scaling used in computing Hessian -------------- Value b_brand_Novum 0.298148788 b_brand_BestValue 0.560418586 b_brand_Supermarket 0.278069666 b_brand_PainAway 1.166138618 b_country_CH 0.605654026 b_country_DK 0.294105443 b_country_IND 0.242254015 b_country_RUS 0.832390749 b_country_BRA 0.582744757 b_char_fast 0.719827920 b_char_double 1.143827156 b_risk 0.001522756 b_price 0.716469818 scale_worst 0.678916643 apollo_probabilities -------------------- function(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs, functionality="estimate"){ ### Attach inputs and detach after function exit apollo_attach(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs) on.exit(apollo_detach(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs)) ### Create list of probabilities P P = list() ### List of utilities: these must use the same names as in el_settings, order is irrelevant V = list() V[["alt1"]] = ( b_brand_Artemis*(brand_1=="Artemis") + b_brand_Novum*(brand_1=="Novum") + b_country_CH*(country_1=="Switzerland") + b_country_DK*(country_1=="Denmark") + b_country_USA*(country_1=="USA") + b_char_standard*(char_1=="standard") + b_char_fast*(char_1=="fast acting") + b_char_double*(char_1=="double strength") + b_risk*side_effects_1 + b_price*price_1) V[["alt2"]] = ( b_brand_Artemis*(brand_2=="Artemis") + b_brand_Novum*(brand_2=="Novum") + b_country_CH*(country_2=="Switzerland") + b_country_DK*(country_2=="Denmark") + b_country_USA*(country_2=="USA") + b_char_standard*(char_2=="standard") + b_char_fast*(char_2=="fast acting") + b_char_double*(char_2=="double strength") + b_risk*side_effects_2 + b_price*price_2) V[["alt3"]] = ( b_brand_BestValue*(brand_3=="BestValue") + b_brand_Supermarket*(brand_3=="Supermarket") + b_brand_PainAway*(brand_3=="PainAway") + b_country_USA*(country_3=="USA") + b_country_IND*(country_3=="India") + b_country_RUS*(country_3=="Russia") + b_country_BRA*(country_3=="Brazil") + b_char_standard*(char_3=="standard") + b_char_fast*(char_3=="fast acting") + b_risk*side_effects_3 + b_price*price_3 ) V[["alt4"]] = ( b_brand_BestValue*(brand_4=="BestValue") + b_brand_Supermarket*(brand_4=="Supermarket") + b_brand_PainAway*(brand_4=="PainAway") + b_country_USA*(country_4=="USA") + b_country_IND*(country_4=="India") + b_country_RUS*(country_4=="Russia") + b_country_BRA*(country_4=="Brazil") + b_char_standard*(char_4=="standard") + b_char_fast*(char_4=="fast acting") + b_risk*side_effects_4 + b_price*price_4 ) ### Define settings for exploded logit el_settings = list( alternatives = c(alt1=1, alt2=2, alt3=3, alt4=4), avail = list(alt1=1, alt2=1, alt3=1, alt4=1), choiceVars = list(best,worst), utilities = V, scales = list(scale_best,-scale_worst) ) ### Compute exploded logit probabilities P[["model"]]=apollo_el(el_settings, functionality) ### Take product across observation for same individual P = apollo_panelProd(P, apollo_inputs, functionality) ### Prepare and return outputs of function P = apollo_prepareProb(P, apollo_inputs, functionality) return(P) }